Rick, I remember Pascal and Modula-2 (what was an evolution of it back then) by the very resepcted Niklaus Wirth (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modula-2). Now there are a lot of legacy codes in Pascal that are still in use. But I stand by the fact that most things are C-based and now C++ based. Fortran, can be argued, that is a very advanced programming language programmatically because it hides a lot of the complecity of dealing with "objects" and also allows for a very forgiving (sometimes too forgiving) and flexible syntax. It continues to be the "de facto" supercomputing language since the late 60s (thank the late Grace Cooper for that). These higher level abstractions are very useful, although the geekiest among us will prefer the very low level control of C (and C++). I am not sure this discussion is fruitful at this point, but I enjoy reading about what is now history and legacy of computer systems use/programming from epople like Rick. Most of my colleagues who are younger do not know all of this history and legacy, which in my opinion is something they are missing. One more thing. I have one of Wirth's books, which I bought for cheap on ebay after I saw a video of the maker of MatLab and how he said he had picked up that book on language syntax and parsing to write MatLab's command-line interface. I started reading that chapter right away. Two pages into it and less than 5 minutes later I realized that I was passively reading... I rewind back the tape... and started form the beginning of the chapter. It took me one hour to fully comprehend the first 5 pages of the book! Wow!