how do i use either aplay or paplay and specify a device? aplay fails because pulseaudio hogs the devices? and paplay and it's manpage and help are no help trying to learn how to specify the desired device: $ aplay -DS7 /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav ALSA lib pcm.c:2642:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM S7 aplay: main:830: audio open error: No such file or directory $ aplay -Dhw:S7 /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav aplay: main:830: audio open error: Device or resource busy $ paplay -dhw:S7 /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav Stream error: Invalid argument $ paplay -dS7 /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav Stream error: No such entity $ paplay -l paplay: invalid option -- 'l' $ paplay -L paplay: invalid option -- 'L' $ cat /etc/lsb-release DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=focal DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu Focal Fossa (development branch)" $ dpkg-query -W alsa-utils alsa-utils 1.2.2-1ubuntu1 $ dpkg-query -W pulseaudio-utils pulseaudio-utils 1:13.99.1-1ubuntu2 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://mailman.mn-linux.org/pipermail/tclug-list/attachments/20200419/36f23de2/attachment.htm>